As a security/privacy precaution the ability to transfer files between your phone and computer is not automatically available. This is for a good reason as it prevents most people from simply connecting your phone to a device and providing quick/simple ability to pull your information off your phone. This is yet another feature that some people view as an inconvenience when in fact it is making your device MORE private and MORE secure.

Hence, to transfer files between your phone and computer or between your phone and another phone you need to first enable this ability on the phone. To accomplish this you need to:

Enable Developer Mode

Settings -> About Phone -> (Scroll to bottom) tap the "Build number" 6 times in a row until you see a message that says "you have enabled developer mode"

Turn on USB debugging

Now go back to Settings -> System -> Developer options -> USB debugging (turn this on)

Plug phone into computer and select "File Transfer" within the USB Preferences prompt

You'll be able to pull up all the files on the phone from your computer at this point and move them to the laptop (or wherever).

Turn off developer mode when you are done

Settings -> System -> Developer options (turn off on top). Once you disconnect your phone from the laptop, this will automatically turn off USB debugging.

I will try to do a video tutorial on this shortly and will update this post accordingly once completed.